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Aluminium for aviation applications in the aviation industry

2022-11-30

Aluminium is used in a wide range of aircraft applications, mainly as structural parts for aircraft. Due to its high specific strength and good forming and processing properties, aluminium for aviation is a major structural material for aircraft, such as skins, frames, propellers, fuel tanks, wall panels and landing gear struts. For example, the Boeing 737 can be made up of up to 81% aluminium alloy, while the Boeing 787 is made up of 20% aluminium alloy due to the use of a large number of composite materials.

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People have carried out in-depth systematic research on aluminium alloys for aerospace in terms of composition and synthesis methods, rolling/extrusion/forging/heat treatment processes, parts processing, material and structural service performance characterisation, etc. The development of material products has formed a series, and a series of remarkable results have been achieved in application. Especially since the late 1980s, with the aircraft damage tolerance and durability design guidelines gradually formed, the strength of the material, fracture toughness, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and other comprehensive performance put forward higher requirements. The current direction of development of aluminium for aviation is to develop thick plate materials with low internal stress, and to use a large number of thick plates in the manufacturing process in order to achieve a monolithic structural component forming, to replace the previous components assembled with many parts. We are now widely used large whole wall plate structure has become a new generation of aircraft to improve structural efficiency, reduce the number of parts, reduce costs and shorten the development cycle of an important means. For example, with the Boeing B747, the number of parts was reduced from 129 to 7, reducing costs by 25%, while crack expansion life and residual strength were both increased by a factor of 3.

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